Synthetic drug addiction continues to pose a threat to many individuals across the globe. The detection and treatment become challenging because the chemical components in these substances are unknown when they spread in the community. Fortunately, there have been extensive efforts from professionals based on research and clinical practice that help individuals recover from this complex condition.
What are Synthetic Drugs?
Synthetic drugs, sometimes called designer drugs, are psychoactive substances that are chemically created in which the essential psychoactive elements are not derived from naturally occurring substances. The term ‘synthetic drug’ comes out when it is used synonymously with recreational drugs following the emergence of the synthetic drug ecstasy.
Although these drugs have different chemical structures, they have been created to behave similarly to or mimic the effects of other illegal substances such as cocaine, methamphetamine, MDMA (ecstasy), cannabis, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Synthetic drugs have two categories depending on how they are chemically processed. The first is Cannabinoids which are intended to have similar effects to marijuana, and the other is Cathinones, where cocaine and meth effects are replicated.
Those who manufacture synthetic drugs constantly change their chemical components to stay ahead of the law or to escape regulations from drug enforcement administrations. Since these drugs are not quality-controlled, another challenge is what exactly the chemical components are inside these substances. In addition, there is also a growing global concern about manufacturing many newer synthetic substances as laboratories can be set up with relative ease.
Types of Synthetic Drugs
Based on the cumulative recent data from law enforcement agencies, hundreds of different types of synthetic substances are out there, with new types continuing to emerge on the global market. While efforts from various agencies are extended to outlaw the new chemical structures of synthetic drugs, they are having difficulties in keeping up with the fast and constant reformulations. As soon as the synthetic drugs are marked illicit, manufacturers alter their composition to escape regulation. Some of the most common synthetic drugs include:
- Spice or K2: These are two of the most common trade names for synthetic drugs that mimic the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive ingredient in the cannabis plant (marijuana). This synthetic marijuana also produces a ‘high’ feeling, which makes it addictive. The report shows that spice or K2 is more potent than marijuana and has been shown to cause more severe side effects than those from THC. These synthetic substances are typically found in bulk powder form and dissolved in solvents (e.g., acetone) before being applied to dry plant material to make herbal incense products. These synthetic cannabinoids are abused by smoking, vaping, ingesting or mixing them.
- Molly: Also known as ecstasy or MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), is a lab-made drug that replicates the effects of stimulants like methamphetamine. When this synthetic cathinone is taken, it can make the individual feel more energetic and alert and alter some emotions and behaviors, resulting in more warmth and openness towards others. While some researchers are studying its therapeutic use as a potential treatment for individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), MDMA can cause potentially adverse health consequences.
- Bath Salts: Similar to molly, bath salts are synthetic drugs that mimic the effects similar to those produced by methamphetamine, cocaine, and ecstasy. These lab-made substances are typically ingested by snorting or sniffing and can be taken orally or smoked. It can affect neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Individuals who abused bath salts have reported insomnia, depression, suicidal thoughts, anxiety, depression, panic attacks, and paranoia.
Side Effects of Synthetic Drugs
Any drugs that are swallowed, snorted, smoked, inhaled, or injected and directly affect the nervous system can produce brain chemistry disruptions and may result in changes in the individual’s thoughts, emotions, or behaviors. Considering that the manufacturers do not disclose the components of synthetic drugs and are not approved for safe human consumption, individuals who use these drugs are putting themselves at risk for adverse effects and potentially life-threatening consequences such as:
- Euphoria
- Excessive sweating
- Problems in speaking
- Chest pain
- Cardiovascular problems
- Restlessness
- Changes in moods
- Panic attacks
- Hallucinations
- Paranoia
- Suicidal thoughts and behaviors
Long-Term Effects of Synthetic Drugs
Since several synthetic drugs keep on spreading in the market and with the new ones that continue to emerge, symptoms of addiction and side effects may vary. Although data from research and clinical practice revealed some of the common physiological and psychological long-term side effects of those who have taken synthetic drugs:
- Cognitive Problems: Emerging evidence shows that repeated use of synthetic drugs may cause cognitive decline, particularly in executive functions, spatial skills, and memory. In addition, the individuals may also experience hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia.
- Emotional Changes: Individuals who have taken synthetic drugs may show anxiety, depression, and other emotional changes. These substances can also exacerbate pre-existing co-occurring mood conditions.
- Behavioral Changes: The changes made in the body and mind of individuals who have taken synthetic drugs that can be easily seen in their behaviors. They may show erratic, violent, and suicidal behaviors when taking these substances for a long period.
- Physiological Problems: Repeated use of synthetic drugs can lead to cardiovascular problems, respiratory illness, kidney deterioration, and neurological damage.
Who Uses Synthetic Drugs?
The majority of the individuals who use and misuse synthetic drugs belong to the teenage group. Research suggests their vulnerability comes from curiosity, experimentation, and peer pressure. In addition, the acquisition of these lab-made substances is relatively easy and can be accessed in schools, on the street, in smoke shops, and even through the internet.
Apart from the availability of access to these drugs, another reason why they keep using synthetic drugs is based on the perception that they are safer and more legal than traditional drugs.
Synthetic Drug Addiction Treatment
Synthetic drug addiction is a complex condition that requires comprehensive treatment to promote long-term recovery and prevent potential relapse.
Detoxification is a necessary step in the recovery process of individuals with synthetic drug addiction. This treatment is designed to help them manage the individual’s body response to intoxication, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms.
Once the individual is ready to proceed, individuals receive professional support through psychotherapeutic interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and motivational interviewing.
In addition, an aftercare program is also part of the treatment program. It helps individuals cope with stressors and triggers they may encounter after the treatment.
Begin Treatment for Synthetic Drug Use at Luxe Recovery
While synthetic drug use impairs important areas of functioning, recovery is possible when you seek help from treatment centers. Luxe Recovery provides high-quality and accessible care for those grappling with this condition.
Our comprehensive treatment program promotes long-term recovery, prevents relapse, and helps you stay sober and achieve a healthier life.
Connect with us and learn more about our addiction treatment.
